The Intertwining Effect of Eating Disorders and Co-Occurring Mental Illnesses

Thrive • Oct 08, 2021
By Thrive Sacramento’s Program Director, Gillie Francis, LCSW

Many people who struggle with eating disorders also suffer from co-occurring mental illnesses . According to the National Institute of Mental Health , 56 percent of people with anorexia nervosa, 94 percent of people with bulimia nervosa, and 78 percent of people with binge eating disorder (BED) struggle with at least one other mental health diagnosis. Eating disorders and co-occurring mental illnesses can dangerously exacerbate one another, requiring integrated treatment that targets all conditions. 

MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS THAT COMMONLY CO-OCCUR WITH EATING DISORDERS 

In addition to mental illnesses, eating disorders are frequently expressed alongside certain temperaments and thinking patterns. Find out which mental health conditions co-occur most frequently with eating disorders below. 

Mental illnesses: 

  • Anxiety disorders
  • Depression
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
  • Substance use disorders
  • Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Temperaments and thinking patterns: 

  • Rigid thinking patterns
  • Obsessional thinking
  • Perfectionism
  • Harm avoidance
  • High threat sensitivity
  • Reduced reward sensitivity

FACTS ABOUT THE BRAIN, EATING DISORDERS, AND CO-OCCURRING MENTAL ILLNESSES

Trauma and genetics contribute to the development of co-occurring mental health conditions. 

Co-occurring mental health conditions may develop as a result of previous traumatic experiences in a person’s life. Additionally, individuals may have genetic predispositions to certain mental health conditions.

Eating disorders may serve as coping strategies for co-occurring mental illnesses. 

While the exact relationship between eating disorders and co-occurring mental illnesses is still being explored, it’s believed that eating disorders and mental illnesses are influenced by shared dimensions in the brain. Maladaptive coping strategies, which are unhealthy or destructive ways to process emotions, originate within these parts of the brain. Individuals may use maladaptive coping strategies such as disordered eating behaviors to navigate the symptoms of a mental illness.

Everyone expresses mental health conditions and recovers differently.

No individuals experience eating disorders and co-occurring mental health conditions in the same way, so afflicted individuals should receive a comprehensive assessment and treatment plan from their clinical team to determine their exact diagnosis and unique path to recovery.

TREATMENT FOR EATING DISORDERS AND CO-OCCURRING MENTAL ILLNESSES

Effective treatment requires untangling psychological struggles.

Before beginning eating disorder treatment, clinicians assess a client’s current and underlying symptoms to provide them with a comprehensive understanding of their mental health. From their findings, clinicians create a treatment plan that includes specific evidence-based interventions to address the variety of the client’s symptoms.  

Integrated treatment is the answer.

Integrated treatment can address a person’s eating disorder and associated mental illnesses. Integrated treatment involves multidisciplinary teams to ensure that the client’s medical and mental health are being nurtured. An integrated approach allows treatment teams to draw on each clinician’s specialties and collaborate on an individual’s care. 

DEEPLY ROOTED EATING DISORDER RECOVERY

Clients receive integrated, multidisciplinary treatment at Thrive.

At Thrive, clients are met by a team of therapists, psychiatrists, dietitians, body-positive specialists, and mindful movement specialists who carefully collaborate to provide them with well-rounded eating disorder treatment. Using the latest research and integrating the most advanced evidence into our programming, we help clients holistically heal from eating disorders and co-occurring mental health conditions. You can learn more about our eating disorder treatment programs by getting in touch with us .  

About the Author

Gillie Francis, LCSW — Thrive Sacramento’s Program Director

Gillie Francis received her master’s degree in Social Work at the University of Nevada and is a fully licensed LCSW in both Nevada and California. Her experience spans a variety of settings and levels of care including inpatient, residential, and outpatient and crisis services. Gillie has experience working with adults and adolescents with severe mental illness, eating disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, suicidal ideation, personality disorders and other co-occurring disorders. Gillian is passionate about honoring each individual’s journey and utilizes approaches that emphasize empowerment with clients. Approaching her work with integrated modalities, she works with individuals to find their voice and engage in pivoting towards their values. She believes that each individual has the capacity for meaningful change in their lives. When she is not working with clients, she enjoys time outdoors with her spouse and dog, Charlie.

By Sage Tippie 23 Apr, 2024
Spring Cleaning Benefits for Mental Health Spring is a time of new beginnings, change, and transitions, including in our homes. With the warmer weather kicking motivation into high gear, Spring can be a prime time to do a deep clean. Not only is a clean space aesthetically pleasing to the eyes, but it can also help to improve your mental health. Learn about how tidying up your space can also tidy up your thoughts below along with tips for cleaning when you’re struggling with your mental health. 4 Reasons Why Cleaning is Beneficial to Mental health 1.Decreased Stress Not only does an uncluttered space provide a sense of calm, but the physical act of cleaning can release feel-good endorphins, reducing feelings of stress and anxiety. As you cross tasks off your checklist, your body also releases Dopamine. Also known as the “happy hormone”, Dopamine provides a sense of accomplishment and pride that can promote motivation in other areas of our lives. 2. Improved Focus Studies have shown that an uncluttered space can also lead to an uncluttered mind. Your focus can be drawn away from important tasks by a chaotic, messy space. Research has also shown a connection between procrastination and clutter, as an unwillingness to tackle larger chores like cleaning can translate over into various areas of our lives. By keeping your space tidy, it can inspire you to stay on top of other major tasks like work and school assignments. 3. Regulated Emotions According to this 2015 study , cleaning can function as a practice in mindfulness, providing an increased sense of calm and inspiration. Slowing down while cleaning gives you room to relax and free your mind of burdens, stressors, and irritants that can affect your mental health. Cleaning can even be considered a practice of self-care as the action helps you to connect with yourself and the outcome allows you to better enjoy your own space. 4. Sense of Order and Control When experiencing mental health struggles, people may feel a lack of control over their lives and emotions. Cleaning even small areas of the home can provide an increased sense of order and control as you cross tasks off your to-do list. Through realizing your own power by simply completing minor tasks like cleaning, it can reaffirm your ability to do more. 10 Tips for Cleaning When Struggling with Mental Health Mental health struggles and disorders commonly create barriers to one’s ability to clean and properly practice personal hygiene. Although these behaviors are normal side effects of mental health disorders, we want to work to aid our clients in cleaning to the best of their ability even in difficult times. Below, Thrive Wellness occupational therapist Meadow Deason shares some helpful tips she gives to clients when they struggle with cleaning due to mental health conditions: 1.Ask For Help Having support to clean can make a huge difference. Do the cleaning with the person helping you and have them hold you accountable. 2. Don't Wait for Motivation Motivation might not come before action, but it can build as you begin to see the results of your efforts. 3. Start Small Start with one area or one task and go from there. For example, concentrate on your bedroom first and then move on to the living room and bathroom. 4. Do Something Daily Even if you do only one small cleaning task a day, doing that one task creates momentum and prevents small tasks from building up and becoming overwhelming. 5. Use Sensory Modulation Change your environment by playing music, adjusting the lighting, or using aromatherapy. This can help to put you in a new headspace for cleaning. 6. Start with "High Impact" Tasks Start with more intensive or all-over cleaning tasks such as picking up clutter or doing the dishes. The visual "noise" of some tasks makes a large impact on the entire space, building motivation to continue cleaning. 7. Make a To-Do List Write a detailed to-do list of tasks and cross them off as you go. Physically marking down what you’ve accomplished can promote increased motivation. 8. Reward Yourself Set up a reward system where you reward yourself with a favorite activity or item when you complete a task as an incentive to clean. 9. Use the Rocket Method Don't think about it, just choose a task, countdown from five or ten and then start. This can help you to avoid potential anxiety and dread that can prevent you from cleaning. 10. Gamify Tasks Make up a game for your tasks or time yourself to promote increased engagement in cleaning. Your ability to complete tasks can be affected by a multitude of different factors and conditions including OCD , anxiety, depression , ADHD , and more. If you are struggling with motivation due to your mental health, help is here at Thrive Wellness.
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