Eating Disorders, Substance Abuse, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Thrive • Mar 24, 2022

By Thrive Reno Therapist Alexandra Corona, MFT-Intern, CADC-Intern

Eating disorders commonly co-occur with substance abuse and substance use disorders (SUD), which are behavioral health conditions that develop when addiction is present. Individuals with eating disorders most typically abuse alcohol, laxatives, emetics, diuretics, amphetamines, heroin, and cocaine. Although researchers are still exploring the relationship between eating disorders and substance abuse, the prevalence of co-occurrence is evident as exemplified in the statistics below. 

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EATING DISORDERS AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Both eating disorders and substance use disorders are extremely complex. When the two kinds of disorders co-occur, they become even more complicated, and researchers are still working to understand the associations between them.

Some individuals develop an SUD before an eating disorder, while others develop an eating disorder before an SUD. Furthermore, some theories identify disordered eating behaviors, such as binging and purging, as types of addiction in themselves. Eating disorders and SUD do share some of the same risk factors and characteristics which may help explain the high prevalence of co-occurrence.

Shared Risk Factors and Characteristics

  • Family history: Many individuals with eating disorders have a family member who also experienced one. The same goes for substance use disorders. Because stigma surrounds both illnesses, many families veil them in secrecy. As a result, individuals are frequently unaware that they have a loved one who has struggled with an eating disorder or substance abuse. 
  • A history of trauma, abuse, or neglect: Painful experiences involving trauma, abuse, or neglect increase the risk of developing both eating disorders and substance use disorders. Both drug abuse and disordered eating behaviors can be attempts by individuals to cope with emotional pain caused by trauma, abuse, or neglect.  
  • Brain chemistry: Eating disorders and substance use disorders are illnesses that affect the brain. Additionally, the behaviors associated with both illnesses can become ingrained within the brain.
  • Low self-esteem : Many individuals who struggle with substance abuse and/or eating disorders also struggle with low self-esteem, which can lead to feelings of worthlessness and drive unhealthy behaviors.
  • Lack of family and social connection: Commonly, individuals who develop substance abuse or eating disorders lack a healthy connection with their families. Additionally, individuals who struggle with substance abuse and/or eating disorders tend to withdraw from normal social interactions. To mitigate feelings of loneliness and increase feelings of support, most treatment programs for eating disorders and substance abuse emphasize the power of establishing healthy relationships with one’s family, friends, and community.
  • Impulsive personality types: Many individuals who struggle with substance abuse and/or eating disorders possess personalities that are prone to impulsivity and extremes, two characteristics of many behaviors associated with substance abuse and eating disorders.  
  • Compulsive behavior: Both substance abuse and eating disorders involve destructive behaviors that effectively overtake one’s life and interfere with their ability to carry out daily activities.
  • Social pressures: Both substance abuse and eating disorders tend to spread within social circles, and one’s peers can influence whether they begin to engage in behaviors associated with substance abuse and eating disorders.

THE DANGERS OF DRUNKOREXIA

At the intersection of eating disorders and substance abuse, drunkorexia is a colloquial term that describes the combination of disordered eating and binge drinking, seen most often in young adults. Individuals who engage in drunkorexia behaviors may restrict their food intake, use diuretics, purge their food, or exercise excessively in order to offset the calories taken in while drinking alcohol and/or increase the feeling of intoxication. When combined, these behaviors of food restriction and drinking can cause medical consequences including dangerous blood-alcohol levels, severe dehydration, vitamin depletion, and organ dysfunction. 

TREATMENT FOR EATING DISORDERS AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE

The stigma and secrecy that surrounds substance abuse and eating disorders alike can make it scary for individuals who are struggling with either or both to seek support. A simple conversation with a mental health professional, however, can put you on a path towards healing. At Thrive, we provide both outpatient and inpatient treatment that targets your mental, behavioral, and physical health. Reach out to learn more about our therapeutic services and treatment programs for co-occurring eating disorders and substance abuse. 

About the Author

Thrive Reno Therapist Alexandra Corona, MFT-Intern, CADC-Intern

Alexandra “Alex” Corona was born and raised in Reno, Nevada and boasts both a bachelor’s degree in human development and family studies (HDFS) from the University of Nevada, Reno and a master’s degree in marriage and family therapy (MFT) from Capella University. As a therapist at Thrive Wellness Reno, she currently supports clients who are struggling with eating disorders and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs). Additionally, she offers outpatient therapy services for both individuals and families, specializing in trauma, anxiety, depression, and addiction. Alex is actively working towards becoming a licensed substance abuse counselor and certified sex therapist, as she is particularly passionate about helping others improve their lives in these aspects. She finds great fulfillment in encouraging individuals to form deeper connections with themselves and with their loved ones in order to reach their full potential authentically and unapologetically.

In her personal time, Alex enjoys living life to the fullest and adventuring with family, friends, and her three dogs.

By Sage Tippie 23 Apr, 2024
Spring Cleaning Benefits for Mental Health Spring is a time of new beginnings, change, and transitions, including in our homes. With the warmer weather kicking motivation into high gear, Spring can be a prime time to do a deep clean. Not only is a clean space aesthetically pleasing to the eyes, but it can also help to improve your mental health. Learn about how tidying up your space can also tidy up your thoughts below along with tips for cleaning when you’re struggling with your mental health. 4 Reasons Why Cleaning is Beneficial to Mental health 1.Decreased Stress Not only does an uncluttered space provide a sense of calm, but the physical act of cleaning can release feel-good endorphins, reducing feelings of stress and anxiety. As you cross tasks off your checklist, your body also releases Dopamine. Also known as the “happy hormone”, Dopamine provides a sense of accomplishment and pride that can promote motivation in other areas of our lives. 2. Improved Focus Studies have shown that an uncluttered space can also lead to an uncluttered mind. Your focus can be drawn away from important tasks by a chaotic, messy space. Research has also shown a connection between procrastination and clutter, as an unwillingness to tackle larger chores like cleaning can translate over into various areas of our lives. By keeping your space tidy, it can inspire you to stay on top of other major tasks like work and school assignments. 3. Regulated Emotions According to this 2015 study , cleaning can function as a practice in mindfulness, providing an increased sense of calm and inspiration. Slowing down while cleaning gives you room to relax and free your mind of burdens, stressors, and irritants that can affect your mental health. Cleaning can even be considered a practice of self-care as the action helps you to connect with yourself and the outcome allows you to better enjoy your own space. 4. Sense of Order and Control When experiencing mental health struggles, people may feel a lack of control over their lives and emotions. Cleaning even small areas of the home can provide an increased sense of order and control as you cross tasks off your to-do list. Through realizing your own power by simply completing minor tasks like cleaning, it can reaffirm your ability to do more. 10 Tips for Cleaning When Struggling with Mental Health Mental health struggles and disorders commonly create barriers to one’s ability to clean and properly practice personal hygiene. Although these behaviors are normal side effects of mental health disorders, we want to work to aid our clients in cleaning to the best of their ability even in difficult times. Below, Thrive Wellness occupational therapist Meadow Deason shares some helpful tips she gives to clients when they struggle with cleaning due to mental health conditions: 1.Ask For Help Having support to clean can make a huge difference. Do the cleaning with the person helping you and have them hold you accountable. 2. Don't Wait for Motivation Motivation might not come before action, but it can build as you begin to see the results of your efforts. 3. Start Small Start with one area or one task and go from there. For example, concentrate on your bedroom first and then move on to the living room and bathroom. 4. Do Something Daily Even if you do only one small cleaning task a day, doing that one task creates momentum and prevents small tasks from building up and becoming overwhelming. 5. Use Sensory Modulation Change your environment by playing music, adjusting the lighting, or using aromatherapy. This can help to put you in a new headspace for cleaning. 6. Start with "High Impact" Tasks Start with more intensive or all-over cleaning tasks such as picking up clutter or doing the dishes. The visual "noise" of some tasks makes a large impact on the entire space, building motivation to continue cleaning. 7. Make a To-Do List Write a detailed to-do list of tasks and cross them off as you go. Physically marking down what you’ve accomplished can promote increased motivation. 8. Reward Yourself Set up a reward system where you reward yourself with a favorite activity or item when you complete a task as an incentive to clean. 9. Use the Rocket Method Don't think about it, just choose a task, countdown from five or ten and then start. This can help you to avoid potential anxiety and dread that can prevent you from cleaning. 10. Gamify Tasks Make up a game for your tasks or time yourself to promote increased engagement in cleaning. Your ability to complete tasks can be affected by a multitude of different factors and conditions including OCD , anxiety, depression , ADHD , and more. If you are struggling with motivation due to your mental health, help is here at Thrive Wellness.
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